Web Reference: Oct 15, 2023 · In Bash, every variable is global by default which means you can access it throughout the entire script. These global variables have a wider scope that helps to share data judiciously across Bash scripts. The conclusion is that when the output of a Bash function is assigned to a variable, the function is executed in a different thread which limits the scope of variables and prevents the function from changing the global variables of the main code. At least under ksh and bash, variables can have three scopes, not two like all remaining answers are currently telling. In addition to the exported (i.e. environment) variable and shell unexported variable scopes, there is also a third narrower one for function local variables.
YouTube Excerpt: In This video I demonstrate the difference between local and
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